Author’s Disclosure Block: Yi Ning Strube, Oxford University Press Other financial or material interest, Oxford University Press, Other financial or material interest, Springer Publishing Other financial or material interest, Springer Publishing, Other financial or material 

Abstract Body
Purpose:Wide variation exists in surgical simulation training between programs. Learning what is currently available and successfully implemented will help programs improve upon what they currently offer, helping standardize training programs nationally. Cheema et al. described the use of surgical simulation models in Canada, with data from 2019-20. The Purpose: of our study is to understand surgical simulation training currently provided to Canadian ophthalmology residents. Study Design: Cross-sectional survey study. Methods: One representative from each of Canada’s 15 Ophthalmology residency programswere invited by email to complete an online anonymous survey created in Qualtrics. 4 invitations were sent between Sept.2-Oct.2, 2023. The survey gathered details about each program’s surgical simulation training in all surgical subspecialties. Results: 10 surveys were completed (response rate 10/15= 67%); 2/10 were incomplete. Of responses received, 10/10 (100%) residency programs provide surgical simulation for cataract, 8/10 (80%) for glaucoma,6/9 (67%) for cornea, 5/8 (62.5%) for oculoplastics, 6/10 (60%) for strabismus, 3/8 (37.5%) for trauma, and 2/9 (22.2%) for retina. Only 2 programs offer training in all subspecialties.Cataract simulation is the most developed with all respondents using a mix of biologic, non-biologic and virtual models. Virtual simulation is only used for cataract and retinal surgery. The majority of non-cataract simulation uses human cadaver eyes; a minority use a variety of non-biological models. Techniques taught include: capsulorhexis, basic and advanced cataract surgery; scleral passes, suturing extraocular muscle, conjunctival incisions; MIGS, trabeculectomy; corneal suturing; intravitreal injections, scleral buckle; skin suturing; globe rupture repair. Assessment tools are used by 8/10 cataract programs; no other subspecialties use assessment tools. The majority of cataract training is >8 hours/year per resident; other subspecialties offer variable training ranging from 1-2 to >8 hours/year.5/8 respondents (45%) felt their programs were well developed, 6/8 have a surgical simulation lead. 7/8 respondents (87.5%) mandate simulation training for cataract surgery; 2/8 mandate for strabismus surgery. Barriers include lack of: departmental and financial support, non-biological models and instructors. Conclusion: Canadian ophthalmology residency surgical simulation training is highly variable, with a need to improve subspecialty surgical simulation training.This is especially important to ensure our residents are receiving the appropriate breadth of surgical exposure and training to provide necessary surgical care for our patients upon program completion.Shared knowledge between programs of what has been successfully implemented will help standardize training nationally and improve patient care.