The results of the assessment reflected in the 2024 report “Gold Rush: Commercial Remote Sensing Rankings” clearly indicate a duopoly in the market between the United States and China. With the rapidly increasing proliferation of space capabilities across various domains, do nations not represented in the report need to consider prioritizing investment in sovereign capabilities and/or public private partnership with indigenous industry partners to avoid being left behind? This session will draw out provocative discussions on the pace, volume, and intensity of investment in commercial earth observation; what risks nations are taking by not investing; how do alliances balance that risk; and what possibilities exist for multinational cooperation in this realm.