Alexander Filip has graduated as a lawyer. Between 2002 and 2006 he has held various functions as a lawyer and head of department in the public administration of the state of Bavaria/Germany. Between 2006 and 2009 he acted as an advisor for a parliamentary group of the Federal Parliament in Germany (Bundestag). Back in the public administration of Bavaria, he was appointed Head of Department at the Bavarian Data Protection Authority for the Private Sector (Bayerisches Landesamt für Datenschutzaufsicht) in 2009. He is in this capacity leading the Authority’s department in charge with issues relating to the transfers of personal data to non-EU countries as well as e-privacy matters, and he is also the Head of Internal Organizational Matters at this Authority. As of 2011 he has been working in the Expert Subgroup on international data transfers of the Article 29 Working Party and, subsequently, of the European Data Protection Board. Being a frequent author in data protection issues, he has in particular focused on transfers of personal data from the EU to third countries, e.g. in one of the major German legal commentaries on the GDPR (Beck’scher Online Commentary on Data Protection Law). He is also a regular lecturer in the field of education of data protection officers (DPOs) and other privacy professionals in Germany.