Brief AbstractThe profession of orthoptist has existed for approximately 100 years. Mary Maddox, credited as the first orthoptist, commenced orthoptic practice in London in the early 1920s. In 1928 the first hospital based orthoptic clinic opened in the Royal Westminster Hospital in London. Since its beginning, the profession has undergone some significant evolutionary changes. Along the way many early orthoptic treatment practices have been abandoned and forgotten. He...